We have recently obtained another key weapon in our office. This weapon is a true Class 4 COLD LASER. But this is not like the typical class 4 laser. Many people know about lasers but are not exactly sure how they achieve their goals. The basic science of lasers is that they use the principle of Photobiomodulation. The following illustration shows this concept. Photobiomodulation is defined as a form of light therapy that utilizes non-ionizing light sources. These include near ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwave, radio waves, and low-frequency radio frequency (long-wave) are all examples of non-ionizing radiation. By contrast, far ultraviolet light, X-rays, gamma-rays, and all particle radiation from radioactive decay are ionizing light sources. Photobiomodulation is a NON-THERMAL process involving endogenous chromophores. The first law of photobiology explains that for a low power visible light to have any effect on a living biological system, the photons must be absorbed by electronic absorption bands belonging to some molecular photo-acceptors, which are called chromophores. Here is a good explanation of chromophores. A chromophore is the part of a molecule responsible for its color. The color that is seen by our eyes is the one not absorbed by the reflecting object within a certain wavelength spectrum of visible light hence the objects steal the objects from the wheel. Chromophores will elicit reactions at various biological sites. This process results in beneficial therapeutic outcomes including but not limited to the alleviation of pain or inflammation, immunomodulation, and promotion of wound healing and tissue regeneration. We can see this principle in the following illustration: What we are able to see is that a very important aspect of laser therapy involves the mitochondria. The mitochondria produce ATP which is the body's energy currency. It does this by stimulating the Cytochrome C Oxidase which is an enzyme in the electron transport chain of the Krebs cycle. Laser therapy produces a shift in overall cell redox potential in the direction of greater oxidation and increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation. In a biological context, ROS are formed as a natural byproduct of the normal aerobic metabolism of oxygen and have important roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. ROS are well known to stimulate cellular proliferation of low levels, but inhibit proliferation and kill cells at high levels. Nitric oxide is also involved in laser therapy. It may be photo-released from its binding sites in the respiratory chain and elsewhere. Nitric oxide will increase vasodilation and thus increasing blood supply. Nitric oxide may also act as a neurotransmitter helping with pain control. Also, not to be overlooked is the fact that the mitochondria have many important tasks in many other aspects of cell biology and cell signaling pathways. It has been proposed that the redox state of a cell regulates cellular signaling pathways that control gene expression. Modulation of the cellular redox state can activate or inhibit signaling pathways. When we start affecting the various pathways and affecting gene expression we have now crossed into the field of Epigenetics. Several regulation pathways are mediated through the cellular redox state. Changes in redox state induce the activation of numerous intracellular signaling pathways, such as nucleic acid synthesis, protein synthesis, enzyme activation and cell cycle progression. When all is said and done the application of a therapeutic dose of light to impaired or dysfunctional tissue leads to a cellular response mediated by mitochondrial mechanisms that reduce pain and inflammation, speed healing, and cell hemostasis. These cellular mechanisms responsible for the effect of visible light on cells include cytochrome c oxidase. Mitochondria are thought to be a likely site for the initial effects of light, leading to increased ATP production, modulation of reactive oxygen species, induction of transcription factors, and possible changes in mitochondrial DNA. These effects in turn lead to increased cell proliferation and migration particularly by fibroblasts. Fibroblasts are responsible for the production of collagen which is a basic building block for many of the bodys tissues including bone, cartilage etc. The lasers overall effect is that it will bio stimulate cells to increase cellular growth and regenerative activity, while simultaneously deactivating 7 or the 9 enzymes that cause inflammation by up to 70%. Another unique aspect of lasers is that they are considered to be monochromatic, coherent and collimated. Monochromatic means that there is a single wavelength which stimulates particular human tissues that will only respond to that specific wavelength being utilized. Coherent means that it minimizes the photon scatter as light interacts with the tissue. Lastly, because lasers have a higher power that works with a specific wavelength, they are collimated which allows it to actually reach the deep tissues. The following illustration drives home these points. HOW ARE LASERS CLASSIFIED? One may ask how are the lasers classified? The FDA classifies lasers from I to IV. For instance, a Class IV Laser is any laser device that the FDA has determined is powerful enough to pose a significant risk of injury to the eye. Consequently, being Class IV does not necessarily make a laser more effective, as that would depend upon what you intend to do with it and how you use it. Some Class IV lasers are used in health and medical settings for a wide range of therapeutic applications. Others are used for construction, cutting, burning and by hobbyists such as high-powered laser pointers. Let us look at some further perimeters of the Class IV Lasers. Hot lasers are known as Class IV lasers. Class IV lasers have a power output above 500 milliwatts (mW). At a lower power range, hot lasers are used for therapeutic purposes. Class IV lasers can cut tissue during surgical procedures. Most Class IV lasers are called hot lasers because they can rapidly increase tissue temperatures. The one common tread with class IV lasers is that they have higher power outputs and most translate the energy to heat. On the other hand, most, cold lasers are also known as low-level lasers, they are among Class II and Class III lasers. Cold lasers have a power output of less than 500 mW. These lasers are called cold because they do not generate a thermal effect. But we must realize that the decreased power will also decrease the penetration depth of the laser. The vast majority of lasers in medical use are not true class IV cold lasers but class III lasers. Many of them are advertised as a Class IV lasers but in reality, they are Class III lasers. If they happen to a Class IV laser then most of the energy is expended as heat. They may have some bells and whistles and other gimmicks. But it does not make them any more effective. As we can see in the following illustration, typically a Class IV laser will need much less treatment time than a Class III laser. Also, we will obtain a much greater depth of penetration with the Class IV laser. What most medical professionals do not seem to understand is that a laser with many medical benefits produces it benefits with LIGHT ENERGY NOT HEAT. Thus, when one is looking to derive benefits from the laser, heat should not be a consideration. THE PHOTONIC ENERGY IS WHAT ONE NEEDS TO BE CONCERNED ABOUT. The following illustration will give an idea about the difference. The most significant difference in the various types of lasers is the depth of penetration. There is a misunderstanding that a more efficient laser will produce heat. This is simply not the case. Most of the time when we are utilizing a laser we are interested in the depth of penetration. We also do not wish to subject the patient to long hours of treatment. So, if we can eliminate the heat and get penetration of depth than we may have something special. When all is said and done IT IS THE PHOTONIC ENERGY WHICH ACCOMPLISHES THE REPAIR. WHAT WOULD BE MY CHOICE FOR AN OPTIMAL LASER? I have used lasers for many years. The use of lasers for musculoskeletal conditions has long passed the point of being experimental. There are many different types of lasers in use. In our clinic we have been very happy with our laser sleeves and our original hand-held Class IV type laser. The original Class IV laser which we have been using requires eyewear protection and it will produce heat which could burn the skin. Nevertheless, it was efficient but at the same time there was a risk of thermal injury and because of the thermal considerations I believe the penetration was limited. If I were able to design a laser I would want one to be a Class IV laser that essentially did not cause any thermal damage. To be effective, the laser would have to have a power output of greater than 500 milliwatts. It would need to be monochromatic and have a wavelength of approximately 680 mM which is the ideal wavelength to stimulate the mitochondria. This is the sweet spot in the red spectrum range. It obviously requires eyewear. Also, it is cold laser. What are the differences between and hot and cold laser? Again, Cold Lasers are therapeutic lasers that produce an insignificant amount of heat and are extremely safe for use by professionals. Let us take a look at the specs of the new laser. The output of the new laser is 750 milliwatts. Remember, the energy output for the Class IV laser is above 500 milliwatts. So, we definitely classify as a Class IV laser by power output. The new laser is monochromatic so it essentially stays on one wavelength and its wavelength is 680 nM which is the sweet spot for mitochondrial stimulation etc. The wavelength is 680 nm. This is the sweet spot in the red spectrum range. This provides both a large safety margin and potent force. If we were to lower the wavelength we could lower the safety margin. The last aspect to an ideal laser is what is called lumen intensity. We need to look at some physical aspects of light when looking at lumen intensity. There are three terms we want to know when assessing lumen intensity. These are lumens, lux and candela. A good way to remember the differences between terms is: Lumens are how much light is given off Lux is how bright your surface will be Candela measures the visible intensity from the light source. The lumen intensity of the new laser is 550 lumens per millimeter of tissue radiated. The beam profile is one millimeter. This last spec will allow the user to pinpoint targeting tissue. Example would be a meniscus tear located posteriorly in the medial compartment, or a tear in the supraspinatus located inferior to the acromion for example. This later spec you can only utilize the function of when the laser is a true class four. You need the power of penetration without the heat damaging aspect. This is a very important aspect and the one important principle which needs to be conveyed and understood - not easy to do! True photonic intervention is dependent on absorption of the light force or energy. Not in the heat transmission normally incorporated into laser modules. The light is the energy! Again, we see a picture of our new Class IV laser. Notice it is a hand-held laser. It is battery powered. Many times, simplicity is a goal strived for but many times seldom achieved. The next illustration is a summation of all the benefits our new Class IV laser is able to achieve while at the same time being extremely safe to the patient as long as the proper eye precautions are taken. The last two illustrations are videos comparing the new class IV cold laser with a typical Class IV laser. The differences between the two are remarkable. The last two items really drive home the point of what makes this Class IV cold laser a truly unique laser. They are pictures and videos on two types of Class IV lasers. One is a typical Class IV laser which most medical professionals are familiar with. The other is the new Class IV cold laser. I did an experiment with two Class IV lasers. The first illustration is the typical Class IV laser. Now the wattage used with this laser is in the 6-watt range. This would probably cause a burn to the skin at this power especially if it were kept in the same spot. On the other hand, the second image is the true Class IV cold laser. Notice the difference in light intensity. I suspect this new Class IV cold laser may be a game changer. The preliminary results in the office are quite impressive. We are truly making use of photonic energy to make a difference. Time will tell, but this seems to be exactly what we asked for. Below is the Class IV hot laser shined into a container having a mixture and saline. We can see the red color from the laser is not vibrant. Realize that when the laser is being used on the body it will need to penetrate a mixture of saline and blood. The next picture and video are of the new Class IV cold laser. Notice how vibrant the color is. The same will happen in your body. Realize that the only difference between these pictures is the lasers. The container is the same container. Thanks,Dr. P

This is an especially fascinating study as far as aging is concerned. I left the article link at the end of my write up. What this study looked at was the ability of long-lived people to repair DNA damage. In this particular case they looked at inherited and naturally occurring genetic changes in older people. They found in the long-lived population two particular genes COA1 and STK17A. These are rather esoteric names but the importance is there! COA1 is involved with energy production and communication between the mitochondria and the cell nucleus. COA1 performed three functions that are part of the blue prints for anti-aging platforms. They directed cell response to DNA damage, they prompted badly damaged cells to die off, and controlled the amounts of Reactive Oxygen Species. I suspect these genes are stimulating the P-53 gene. P -53 is called the tumor suppressor gene. Taking things one step further, remember that NAD+ is a substrate for DNA repair proteins such as PARP1, PARP2 and PARP3 as well as enzymes that can influence DNA repair capacity such as SIRT1 and SIRT6. The PARP enzymes typically get shut off when the body does not have enough NAD+ to go around. Looks like there may be some overlap here. Activate the DNA repair genes and you may live longer. At least you are giving yourself better odds. This is why I feel it is of paramount importance to take NAD supplements both orally and intravenously. Also remember, there is much science out there that shows Ozone therapy can increase the NAD levels in the body in addition to dramatically decreasing damage from Reactive Oxygen Species. The moral of the story here is: MAKE SURE YOU TAKE YOUR NAD TO STAY YOUNG.Here is the article I am talking about:https://bigthink.com/surprising-science/semi-supercentenarians-dna-repairThanks,Dr. P

NQO1 is a gene which controls the production of the enzyme NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1. The above diagram shows some of the many functions of the NQO1 pathway. We can see that there are three major pillars of health that NQO1 directly influences. These pillars include detoxification which entails the ratio of NAD to NADH, its ability as an antioxidant, and lastly how it helps to stabilize the P-53 gene. Detoxification and antioxidant activity go hand and hand. They are intertwined with each other. Each of these pillars have extreme importance for our health and well-being. The detoxification pillar is a very important aspect of NQO1 functions. Much of the detoxification deals with compounds called Quinones. Quinonoid compounds generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Quinones are ubiquitous in nature and constitute an important class of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, fungi and bacteria. Human exposure to quinones therefore occurs via the diet, but also clinically or via airborne pollutants. For example, the quinones of hydrocarbons are prevalent as environmental contaminants and provide a major source of current human exposure to quinones. The inevitable human exposure to quinones, and the inherent reactivity of quinones, has stimulated substantial research on the chemistry and toxicology of these compounds. NQO1 is employed in the removal of a quinone from biological systems as a detoxification reaction: NAD(P)H + a quinone → NAD(P)+ + a hydroquinone. The hydroquinone is excreted. This reaction ensures complete oxidation of the substrate without the formation of semiquinones and reactive oxygen radicals that are deleterious to cells. The localization of NQO1 in epithelial and endothelial tissues of mice, rats and humans indicates their importance as detoxifying agents, since their location facilitates exposure to compounds entering the body. In addition to the detoxification, NQO1 helps produce NAD+ which in its own right is very important. The ratio of NAD+/NADH is of extreme importance. We are well aware of the importance of NAD+ for our body. NAD+ is instrumental in the production of ATP which is the body’s energy currency. However, NAD+ is also used in a variety of biological processes in the body. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential pyridine nucleotide that serves as an essential cofactor and substrate for a number of critical cellular processes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, DNA repair, epigenetically modulated gene expression, intracellular calcium signaling, and immunological functions. NAD+depletion may occur in response to excessive DNA damage due to free radicals. This damage results in significant poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation and a high turnover and subsequent depletion of NAD+. PARP is instrumental in DNA repair. Also, chronic immune activation and inflammatory cytokine production results in accelerated CD38 activity and subsequent decline in NAD+ levels. We now think that the NAD+/NADH ratio may be as important if not more important than the levels of NAD+. One of the insights arising from the scientific studies of calorie restriction is that the ratio of NAD+ to NADH (NAD+/NADH ratio) might be important for the lifespan extension benefits. This ratio has been reported to decline with age, with NAD+ being decreased and NADH increased in older individuals. While boosting the amount of NAD+ has been getting a lot of attention, improving the ratio between NAD+ and NADH might be more significant than the amount of cellular NAD+ in isolation. In yeast experiments, calorie restriction decreases NADH much more dramatically than it affects NAD+. This decrease in NADH is important for enhancing lifespan, because, on its own, it increases activity of the NAD+ consuming enzymes that boost longevity processes (e.g., Sirtuins) and DNA repair (e.g. PARPs) in yeast. This is thought to occur because NADH is an inhibitor of these enzymes, so lowering it releases the inhibition. As an example, inducing the enzyme NQO1—an enzyme that uses NADH as an electron donor increases intracellular NAD+ levels because it shifts the NAD+/NADH redox ratio in favor of oxidation (NAD+). A side effect of this reaction is that intracellular NAD+ levels increase. Upregulation of the pathway that induces NQO1 occurs in calorie restriction and appears to be an important component of producing the benefits. We must remember that cellular levels of NAD+ are more important than the serum levels. In review, what NQO1 does is convert NADH to NAD+ while at the same time it maintains a very delicate ratio of NAD/NADH. This ratio is not affected by dietary or IV intake. One important fact is that NQO1 will oxidize NADH to NAD+ and thus it increases NAD+ in the cell. HOW IS THE NQO1 PATHWAY REGULATED? Another name for the NQO1 gene is the longevity gene. NQO1, regulates the NAD+/NADH ratio in cells. NQO1 does this by oxidizing NADH to NAD+. During aging the ratio of NAD+ to NADH changes in part to a reduced level of the expression of NQO1. As we age the cells accumulate a type of protein called BET proteins. The BET proteins are Bromodomain and Extraterminal Proteins. They are referred to as epigenetic readers. The following diagram shows the various components involved in epigenetics, namely the writers, erasers, and readers all of which effect gene behavior. In this case, the BET proteins will suppress the induction of the NQO1 gene. There is now much research looking for inhibitors of BET proteins for a variety of conditions including cancer. Lowered levels of NQO1 will affect the amounts of a compound called Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1alpha). PGC-1a is a member of a family of transcription coactivators that plays a central role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. It is strongly induced by cold exposure, linking this environmental stimulus to adaptive thermogenesis. PGC-1alpha stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes the remodeling of muscle tissue to a fiber-type composition that is metabolically more oxidative and less glycolytic in nature, and it participates in the regulation of both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Oxidative metabolism produces far more ATP than the glycolytic type. It is highly likely that PGC-1alpha is intimately involved in disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy. In particular, its regulatory function in lipid metabolism makes it an inviting target for pharmacological intervention in the treatment of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. PGC-1a is regulated by the oxidative state of the cell. NQO1 will regulate the PGC-1a levels by controlling the rate of PGC-1a degradation not its synthesis. Like many regulatory factors, PGC-1a has an extremely short half-life. All of these extremely short-lived proteins are regulated by degradation rates, not synthesis rates. Higher levels of NQO1 shift the ratio of NAD+/NADH and protect proteins from being oxidized. PGC-1 plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial function. Higher levels of PGC-1a help prevent age related mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, it appears that under conditions of oxidative stress, such as with aging, NQO1 may be a major factor that controls the concentration of PGC-1a in the cell. PGC-1a is not some esoteric co factor, it is extremely important in many different functions as can be seen from the following diagram. PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator that is a central inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis in cells. Thus, it appears that under conditions of oxidative stress, such as with aging, NQO1 may be a major factor that controls the concentration of PGC-1a in the cell. WHAT ELSE DOES NQO1 STIMULATE? NQO1 seems to have a significant effect on the P-53 gene. It helps to stabilize the P-53 gene. P-53 is many times referred to an the “Tumor Suppressor Gene”. It is a potent sentinel in the body looking for and destroying cells which may go on to tumor lines. It has the ability to fix DNA damage if it is not too severe or if too severe it will destroy the cell. The following diagram shows P-53 in action: It is now thought that many cancers arise from a defect in the P-53 gene. It appears that the NQO1-dependent (ubiquitin-independent) pathway is the most important pathway for regulating p53 levels within the cell. Ubiquitin is a small protein that is found in almost all cellular tissues in humans and other organisms. It helps to regulate the processes of other proteins in the body. Through a process known as ubiquitination or ubiquitylation, a ubiquitin molecule can bind to a substrate protein, changing the way it functions. This can lead to a number of different outcomes. It is most widely recognized for its role in apoptosis of proteins, earning it the title of the molecular “kiss of death” for proteins, although it also plays a major part in several other cellular processes related to the regulation of proteins. If P-53 is working properly hopefully the chances of a cancer arising are significantly diminished. Treatment with curcumin augments the levels of P53 in tumor cell lines through incrementing its half-life in a NQO1 dependent manner. Curcumin treatment promotes the interaction between NQO1-p53. HOW CAN WE INCREASE THE PRESENCE OF NQO1? One statement that can be made across the board is that anything which increases the NRf2 pathway will increase the NQO1 gene action. The NRf2 pathway has a profound effect on the NQO1 gene. One can read my previous blogs concerning the NRf2 pathway. I call this pathway the thermostat of anti-inflammation. One of the important stimulators of the NRf2 pathway are ozone messengers which are produced by intravenous ozone such as is delivered by the EBO2 protocol. These messengers will allow the NRf2 to enter the nucleus and activate certain genes. Another offshoot of the EBO2 protocol is the use of photodynamic therapy which stimulated the NQO1 gene. Phototherapy also includes the stimulation of heat shock proteins which are encouraged by the exposure of UVA light. Again, for those people unaware of the EBO2 protocol, it is a protocol which uses a dialysis filter, intravenous Ozone gas, and photo modulation. The following is a picture of the set up used in the EBO2 protocol: Other compounds which seem to have stimulating influences on NQO1 include resveratrol, Pterostilbene, Taxifolin (also called dihydroquercetin), sulforaphane (broccoli), curcumin, and Fumaric acid derivatives. Another important supplement perhaps the most important, to stimulate the NQO1 gene is Beta-lapachone, a compound found in the bark of the South American Lapacho tree. It is a potent activator of the NQO1 gene and produces ROS in cancer cells, but reduces ROS in non-cancer cells. Beta-Lapachone is a NQO1 activator. In addition to stimulating the NQO1 gene it stimulates the NRf2 pathway which helps to lower inflammation. Beta-lapacho was very popular a number of years ago. It then seemed to lose it way. Now there is a resurgence in the use of Beta-lapachone on multiple fronts including clinical studies in a variety of universities. A few final thoughts, if a clinic is utilizing NAD+ but not stimulating the NQO1 pathway then they are behind the times. There are a number of clinics which like to dabble in utilizing NAD on their patients. Unfortunately, they are not aware of the basic science of NAD, its effect on senescent cells, methods allowing the body to handle NAD better, and the importance of the NQO1 gene. If you encounter a clinic which is “just” utilizing NAD without addressing these related matters, your best bet is to seek treatment elsewhere!! This will ensure you the best chance of success. It is all a matter of knowing the basic science of the various pathways and how these can be manipulated to the benefit of the patient. The following illustration gives all the salient points about the NQO1 gene. There is a reason why this is called the Longevity Gene. The answers lie in the illustration. When all is said and done this seems to represent the essence of aging. Thanks, Dr. P

The above was a recent headline. I know what my political persuasions are, and they should obviously never get in the way of science or the health of a patient. Furthermore, I always try to be non-political in my posts. I see that some members of the press have tried to ridicule President Trump for an idea of “getting light inside the body.” Here are the quotes attributed to the President: “Suppose that we hit the body with a tremendous, whether it’s ultraviolet or just very powerful light,” Trump said at the White House coronavirus press briefing, adding: “Supposing you brought the light inside the body, which you can do either through the skin or in some other way.” Well, low and behold, if reporters find this a ridiculous statement, then they need to do their homework and learn some science, and have a more analytical mind.I would like to mention a paper that was published a few years ago by Dr. Michael Hamblin. Michael Hamblin is a Principal Investigator at the Wellman Center for Photomedicine (see below) at Massachusetts General Hospital, an Associate Professor of Dermatology at Harvard Medical School and a member of the Affiliated Faculty of Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology.The next insert is a copy of the title page of a paper written and published by Dr. Hamblin in 2017.We can see that the title of the article is Ultraviolet Irradiation of Blood: “The Cure that Time Forget”. As one can see we have a PHD from Harvard and MIT who is a main principle investigator at Harvard’s photomedicine center state that ultraviolet light to the blood is a cure that time forget. So, it seems that that President was not off the mark at all. I think he is owed an apology by those in the media and in the medical community who ridiculed him. I have been fortunate to meet Dr. Hamblin when we were both lecturing at a regenerative medicine meeting. I consider him one of the world’s experts on photo-therapy. I read the above article a few years ago and found it intriguing. There are many similar articles. In this article there is a discussion of the potential of Ultraviolet Blood Irradiation (UBI) as an alternative approach to current methods used to treat infections. It goes on to say that this therapy can also be an immune-modulating therapy and also as a method for normalizing blood parameters. The article states there is no resistance of microorganisms to UV irradiation. Low and mild doses of UV kill microorganisms by damaging the DNA, while any DNA damage in host cells can be rapidly repaired by DNA repair enzymes. Ultraviolet light when used for sterilization purposes causes the direct destruction of pathogens. Many people believe that this is also the mechanism of action for UBI which is absolutely not the case. It is the stimulation of the immune system and its various components that gives ultraviolet light therapy is effectiveness in addition to destroying the micro-organisms.The following diagram is from the article by Dr. Hamblin. It shows some of the various aspects of UBI on the immune system. This may be a complicated picture but when all is said and done it is stimulating the immune system in many different ways. It is somewhat complicated to the lay person.UBI appears to have three broadly different classes of effects on different blood components. In the case of various white blood cells which are called neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. UBI can activate phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is a process wherein a cell, in this case a type of white blood cell, binds to a microbe such as a bacteria or virus and engulfs it. UBI also increases the secretion of Nitric Oxide which stimulates the production of cells which can calm down an inflammatory reaction. By reducing the inflammatory response, we are lessening the effects of a “cytokine storm” as is often found in infections and seems to be the crux of many Covid-19 complications. The oxidative nature of UBI may have mechanisms in common with ozone therapy and other oxygen therapies. Namely, we are reducing the oxidative stress on the immune system. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in your body. Free radicals are oxygen-containing molecules with an uneven number of electrons. The uneven number allows them to easily react with other molecules. Free radicals can cause large chain chemical reactions in your body because they react so easily with other molecules. These reactions are called oxidation. They can be beneficial or harmfulThink of oxidative stress as synonymous with inflammation and inflammation is the root of most medical problems.Dr. Hamblin’s article is but one article concerning the use of light therapy. I think there is little doubt there is strong science behind the use of ultraviolet blood irradiation and for that matter phototherapy to treat a number of medical conditions. Although this seems like cutting edge therapy it is actually old. Ultraviolet blood irradiation (UBI) was extensively used in the 1940s and 1950s to treat many diseases including septicemia, pneumonia, tuberculosis, arthritis, asthma and even poliomyelitis. The early studies were carried out by several physicians in USA and published in the American Journal of Surgery. However, with the development of antibiotics, UBI use declined and it has now been called “the cure that time forgot”. Hopefully more research on various types of blood irradiation will be performed. I would also like to include a few slides from my lectures. These slides concern the use of phototherapy. The first slide is a summary of phototherapy.As we can see there are a myriad of beneficial aspect to light therapy. I will draw your attention to sentence six, “Whatever cells are designed to do will be improved by light therapy”. The next slide shows some of the many benefits of phototherapy in pictorial form.The takeaways from the above slide is that light therapy is intimately involved in cell energy production, positively impacts cellular repair and healing, stimulates the immune system. As President Trump said “GET THE LIGHT INSIDE THE BODY” and hopefully control the covid-19 virus. Certainly, no guarantees or cures but it might be a step in the right direction. Actually, we can take things to the next level by giving the patient certain medications which are called photosensitizers. Photosensitizers make light therapy work even better. However, this is a discussion for a different day. I will end this quick blog with a rather somber thought. Covid -19 is certainly a serious problem for our planet and I believe we will conquer it. I would like to present some information by the Rand Europe Think Tank. Unfortunately, there are much greater biological time bombs that may be facing us. One ticking time bomb we are facing is that of antibiotic resistance. Here is the chart of what we are facing, namely approximately 10,000,000 deaths per year caused by antibiotic resistance. It might just be that blood irradiation may save the day. Meantime, stay safe and get some sunshine which is a primitive form of blood irradiation.Thanks,Dr. P DEATHS PER YEAR SECONDARY TO ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE 2050 2050Thanks,- Dr. P

Once in a while I like to write a blog that is not all science! I must say that I was initially a bit intimated by my schedule.I left Miami on Thursday evening, arriving in Sao Paulo 8 hours later on Friday morning.Interestingly, there were a number people that I knew at the meeting. I have taught in Brazil on numerous occasions. I will return in October to teach a course. I received a warm Brazilian welcome. I was very impressed by the quality of the meeting and the speakers. I felt honored to be one of the Keynote speakers.My talk was an interesting one. I discussed Stem Cell Aging Pathways. As I have said “how Stem cells age is how we age”. In my journey thru the world of Regenerative Medicine I have become convinced that these pathways may be the Holy Grail for Anti-Aging methods. These pathways are what I call the upstream causes of aging. If we correct these problems in the pathways we will affect downstream problems. One pathway I stressed was the Sirtuin Gene pathway. I discussed its dependence upon the supplement NAD and other methods of stimulating this pathway. I mentioned our experiences with Intravenous NAD and one of our secrete weapons which is the NAD kinase patch. I received a number of questions from the audience. One exciting aspect of the talk involved the introduction of some brand-new technology. Actually, I have used this technology for years. This technology involves transdermal patches which introduce signaling molecules to spine, tendons and joints. These are called P3 AI and P3 R patches. The name for this technology is SIGMOLECS. This will be a quantum leap for many regenerative physicians. They now have technology that we have utilized for years. These patches are now registered with the FDA. Below is a picture of the packaging of the patches.I suspect this will become an integral aspect of most regenerative procedures. Signaling molecules tell cells what to do and when to do it. This is essentially the basis of a PRP preparation and a branch of medicine called Cytokine Therapy.This technology seemed to be well received by the audience. Unfortunately, my time in Sao Paulo was very limited and later that afternoon I found myself in another 2-hour traffic jam on my way back to the airport facing my second night in a row on an airplane.After a 12-hour plane ride I arrived in Beverly Hills California where the Cell Surgical International Conference was being held.My lecture this time concerned the nuts and bolts of Regenerative Medicine as it pertains to stem cells. I stressed the basic science but put a twist on it to show how if one knows the basic science he then has the intellectual tools to make procedures better. This is the essence of a new field of medicine called Translational Medicine. Translational Medicine is a rapidly growing discipline in biomedical research and aims to expedite the discovery of new diagnostic tools and treatments by using a multi-disciplinary, highly collaborative, “bench-to-bedside” approach. The lecture was a whirlwind of slides. I showed how the immune system and the stem cells are so intimately related. Hopefully I opened up a few eyes on these topics. There were many different topics covered in the meeting all of which were engrossing. Some of the topics covered musculoskeletal conditions while other dealt with neurological conditions.One of my friends, Dr. Nathan Bryant, who is a world leading expert in Nitric Oxide medicine gave a great slide that reminds me of my journey in Regenerative Medicine. It is as follows“All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed. Second, it is violently opposed. Third, it is accepted as being self-evident.” – Arthur Schopenhauer I always learn something from a meeting that I lecture at. At this meeting I met many old friends and some new ones.My staff from the Cayman Islands attended the meeting:All-in-all, it was a hectic weekend but it was rewarding on many different levels. I enjoy teaching and the comradery of the meetings.BTW people are asking me if I had Jet Lag. The answer is a resounding, “no.” By using my laser watch, jet lag is never an issue for me. The laser wrist watch helps my body produce various compounds which helps my body fight jet lag.Thanks, – Dr. P